presentation/ANSOL-en.tex

\begin{slide}
ANSOL -- Associa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o Nacional para o Software Livre

Board 2022-2024:
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Tiago Carrondo -- Chair
    \item{} R<EFBFBD>ben Mendes -- Vice-Chair
    \item{} Oct<EFBFBD>vio Gon<EFBFBD>alves -- Treasurer
    \item{} Andr<EFBFBD> Esteves -- Member
    \item{} Hugo Peixoto -- Secretary
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}

% TODO - ter um .tex para cada um destes cap<EFBFBD>tulos (Software Livre, ANSOL, SFD,
%   etc.), para que depois possam ser inclu<EFBFBD>dos independentemente nas v<EFBFBD>rias
%   Apresenta<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es

\begin{slide}
The Free Software Movement
\begin{itemize}
\item{} Created in 1983, by Richard Stallman
\item{} Free Software Foundation founded in 1985
\item{} Free Software Foundation Europe founded in 2001
\end{itemize}
\end{slide}

% A ANSOL

% \begin{slide}
% \center{\Huge{ANSOL\\Associa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o Nacional para o Software Livre}}
% \end{slide}

\begin{slide}
ANSOL -- Associa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o Nacional para o Software Livre
\begin{center}
\includegraphics{pct2001-miguelg.jpg}
\end{center}
  \emph{Official launch in October 2001, during Porto Cidade Tecnol<EFBFBD>gica}

\begin{itemize}
\item{} Portuguese non-profit association
\item{} propagation, promotion, development, research and study of Free Computing\ldots
\item{} \ldots and its social, political, filosophical, cultural, technical and scientific repercussions
\item{} Based at House of Associations in Oporto, but with a national scope
% \item{} conta com cerca de 80 s<EFBFBD>cios
% \item{} quota anual 30 euros (12 euros no caso de estudantes, desempregados e reformados)
\end{itemize}
\end{slide}

% Software Livre

% \begin{slide}
% \center{\Huge{O Software Livre}}
% \end{slide}

% \begin{slide}
% \emph{Software}
% 
% \begin{quote}
% \emph{software} | s. m.
% 
% \emph{software} |softu<EFBFBD>re|\\
% (palavra inglesa, de soft, mole + ware, mercadoria)\\
% \emph{substantivo masculino}
% 
% $[$Inform<EFBFBD>tica$]$  Conjunto de programas, processos, regras e, eventualmente,
% documenta<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o, relativos ao funcionamento de um conjunto de tratamento de
% informa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o (por oposi<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o a hardware).
% 
% Plural: softwares.
% \end{quote}
% \hfill \emph{in} \url{https://www.priberam.pt/DLPO/software}
% \end{slide}
% 
% \begin{slide}
% \emph{Software} -- defini<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o legal
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item{} Lei do Cibercrime refere a exist<EFBFBD>ncia de ``programas'', mas n<EFBFBD>o produz uma defini<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o
% \item{} Lei da Criminalidade Inform<EFBFBD>tica (revogada pelo Lei do Cibercrime) definia:
% \begin{quote}
% Programas de computador -- ``Conjunto de instru<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es capazes, quando inseridas
% num suporte explor<EFBFBD>vel em m<EFBFBD>quina, de permitir <EFBFBD> m<EFBFBD>quina, que tem por fun<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es o
% tratamento de informa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es indicar, executar ou produzir determinada fun<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o,
% tarefa ou resultado''
% \end{quote}
% \item{} Lei da Criminalidade Inform<EFBFBD>tica explicitava ainda a exist<EFBFBD>ncia de
%     ``C<EFBFBD>digo objecto'' (0s e 1s) e ``C<EFBFBD>digo fonte'', ambos considerados programas
%     de computador
% \item{} programas de computador exclu<EFBFBD>dos do cat<EFBFBD>logo das inven<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es protegidas
%     nos termos da Conven<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o de Munique sobre a Patente Europeia de 1973
% \item{} Programas de computador considerados como ``obra protegida'' no C<EFBFBD>digo
%     do Direito de Autor e dos Direitos Conexos
% \end{itemize}
% 
% \end{slide}

\begin{slide}
Free Software

\begin{itemize}
\item{} \emph{Free} as in \emph{Freedom}, not gratis
\end{itemize}

Which Freedoms?
\end{slide}


\begin{slide}
Free Software

\begin{small}
At the begining of the 80s, \emph{Richard M. Stallman} was the first to formalize a way of thinking about software in the form of four freedoms:
\begin{itemize}
    \item{1st freedom:} The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose
    \item{2nd freedom:} The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish
    \item{3rd freedom:} The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others
    \item{4th freedom:} The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others, giving the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes
\end{itemize}
The software following these four principles is called ``Free Software''.
\end{small}
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
\begin{small}
\begin{center}
% TODO: GNU's websie has an updated version of this, we should start using that
\input{category.latex} \\
\hfill -- \emph{in} \url{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/categories.html}, CC-SA
\end{center}
\end{small}
\end{slide}

% EXEMPLOS DE SW LIVRE
\begin{slide}
\begin{small}
\begin{itemize}
\item{} GNU/Linux Operating System
\item{} Android Operating System Project
\item{} OpenOffice -- LibreOffice
\item{} Firefox
\item{} Wordpress
\item{} Apache Web Server
\item{} Blender
\item{} Moodle
\item{} \emph{many others...}
\end{itemize}
\end{small}
\end{slide}


\begin{slide}
Software Licenses
\begin{small}
\begin{itemize}
  \item{} Copyleft Licenses -- forks cannot add any restrictions to the license
  \begin{itemize} 
    \item{} GPL (GNU General Public License)
    \item{} Mozilla Public License (MPL)
    \item{} Microsoft Reciprocal License (Ms-RL)
  \end{itemize}
  \item{} Non-Copyleft
  \begin{itemize} 
    \item{} Modified BSD License
    \item{} Expat License (MIT)
    \item{} Apache License
  \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{small}
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
Association's activities

\begin{itemize}
  \item{} Political and legislative intervention
\begin{itemize}
  \item{} interventions and reports to the Portuguese Parliament
  \item{} Coordination with \emph{Free Software Foundation Europe} in European-wide projects, including presence in the European Parliament
  \item{} Participation in the transposition of the European Directive InfoSoc into Portuguese Law
%    \begin{itemize}
%        \item{} Directiva Europeia que implementa, pela primeira vez, restri<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es de acesso no Direito de Autor
%        \item{} Criminaliza neutraliza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o de DRM
%        \item{} Criminaliza qualquer discuss<EFBFBD>o que possa facilitar essa neutraliza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o
%        \item{} Interfere no desenvolvimento de Software Livre
%        \item{} Contributo inicial enviado em 2002, acompanhamento da proposta at<EFBFBD> <EFBFBD> sua aprova<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o em 2004
%        \item{} Mais info: \url{https://ansol.org/politica/eucd}
%    \end{itemize}
  \item{} Campaign against Software Patents, that ended up with its rejection by the European Parliament
  \item{} Portugal is the first country to have an Open Standards Law
  \item{} Participation in the international campaign against ACTA
  \item{} Fight against the Private Copy Law
  \item{} Portugal in the frontline in the defense of consumers against DRM
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
  The Law against DRM -- what is it?
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Extension of the definition of DRM
    \item{} Clarification of that definition
    \item{} Clarification about the illegality of applying DRM in Public Domain works
    \item{} Making using DRM on works by public entities or public money ilegal
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
  The Law against DRM -- how did we manage to get it?
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Testing the Law
    \item{} Education about the topic
    \item{} Persistence
    \item{} Working within the scope
    \item{} Mathe the (apparent) opposition talk
    \item{} Present an alternative
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}

% TODO: https://github.com/marado/DRM-fixed-PT/issues/1
\begin{slide}
\begin{itemize}
\item{} Launch of the ``Transparency in Public Administration'' in 2009
\\ \includegraphics{transparencia.png}
\item{} Sun and ANSOL got together in creating a CD ``Free Software in School'', spread to the schools by the Ministry of Education
        \\ \includegraphics{CD.png}
\item{} Event organization
\begin{itemize}
  \item{} Porto 2002, Cidade Tecnol<EFBFBD>gica - Sistemas Livres % \includegraphics{porto2002.png}
  \item{} Richard Stallman in Portugal                     % \includegraphics{stallman-2003.png}
  \item{} Software Freedom Day     %
  \item{} Document Freedom Day     % \includegraphics{DFD.png}
  \item{} I $<3$ Free Software
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
 
    % \item{} OOXML publicado como norma ECMA em 2006, distin<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o entre ``norma'' e ``normas abertas''
    %     \\ \includegraphics{OOXML.png}
    % \item{} ANSOL recebe pr<EFBFBD>mio ``Software'' dos Pr<EFBFBD>mios Exame Inform<EFBFBD>tica 2006, em nome da Mozilla Foundation
%\end{itemize}
%\end{slide}
%\begin{slide}
%\begin{itemize}
%    \item{} Campanha para o uso de Software Livre na Administra<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o P<EFBFBD>blica em 2010, poupan<EFBFBD>a estimada em 121 milh<EFBFBD>es
%        \\ \includegraphics{AP.png}
%\end{itemize}
%\end{slide}
%\begin{slide}
%    \begin{itemize}
%    \item{} Em 2013 a ANSOL junta-se a outras entidades no apelo <EFBFBD> AR para a correc<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da legisla<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o relativa ao DRM
%        \\ \includegraphics{DRM.png}
%    \item{} Lei da C<EFBFBD>pia Privada volta <EFBFBD> agenda Pol<EFBFBD>tica Portuguesa em 2014, ANSOL organiza peti<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o
%        \\ \includegraphics{PL118.png}
%\end{itemize}
%\end{slide}
%\begin{slide}
%A ANSOL em 2015:
%\begin{itemize}
% \item{} Celebra<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o do ``Eu $<3$ Software Livre 2015''
% \item{} Esclarecimento sobre o WMV n<EFBFBD>o ser uma norma aberta
% \item{} Celebra<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o do Education Freedom Day 2015, em Lisboa
% \item{} Apelo <EFBFBD> participa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o no Dia de Ac<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o Global contra os Tratados Transatl<EFBFBD>nticos
% \item{} Dar a conhecer a Liberdade que vem do Software Livre, no Dia da Liberdade
% \item{} Contesta<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o contra os tratados TTIP e CETA nas manifesta<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es do $1^o$ de Maio
% \item{} Press Release sobre a aprova<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da Lei da C<EFBFBD>pia Privada
% \item{} co-organiza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o do evento ``Workshop de Direitos de Autor e DRM''
% \item{} Assembleia Geral Eleitoral
% \item{} Plano de regulariza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da situa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o dos s<EFBFBD>cios com quotas em atraso
% \item{} Regulariza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da situa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o dos certificados https dos v<EFBFBD>rios sites da ANSOL
% \item{} Forma<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o do novo Grupo de Trabalho sobre Normas Abertas
% \item{} Forma<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o do novo Grupo de Trabalho de WebMasters
% \item{} Apoio na organiza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o do Software Freedom Day 2015, no Porto
% \item{} Regulariza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da situa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o de associados da EDRi
% \item{} Press release sobre o t<EFBFBD>rmino da campanha sobre leitores de PDF da FSFE
% \item{} Assembleia Geral, para altera<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o dos estatutos e regulamento interno
% \item{} Escritura<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o nos novos estatutos da ANSOL
% \item{} Assinatura de protocolo com a Casa das Associa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es, formalizando a sedia<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da ANSOL naquele espa<EFBFBD>o
% \item{} Participa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o no semin<EFBFBD>rio ``O Regulamento Nacional de Interoperabilidade Digital e a ado<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o de Normas Abertas pela Administra<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o P<EFBFBD>blica''
% \item{} Participa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o na consulta p<EFBFBD>blica sobre normas abertas
% \item{} Manuten<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da lista de incumprimentos do RNID
%\end{itemize}
%
%A ANSOL em 2016\ldots depende de todos!
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
  The current Copyright reform

  \center{\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{KDE-article13.jpg}}
\end{slide}

% \begin{slide}
% \includegraphics{eventos.png}
% \end{slide}
% 
% % O SFD
% 
% \begin{slide}
% \center{\Huge{O Software Freedom Day}}
% \end{slide}
% 
% \begin{slide}
% O Software Freedom Day
% \begin{center}
% \includegraphics{sfd-2015.png}
% \end{center}
% \emph{Mapa de Eventos SFD 2015 registados a 17 de Agosto} % TODO - actualizar
% 
% \include{sfd-teams}
% 
% \emph{Vis<EFBFBD>o:} Potenciar todos a ligar, criar e partilhar livremente num mundo digital participat<EFBFBD>rio, transparente e sustent<EFBFBD>vel.
% 
% Objectivos
% \begin{itemize}
% \item{} Celebrar o Software Livre e as pessoas por detr<EFBFBD>s dele
% \item{} Promover o conhecimento geral sobre Software Livre, e encorajar a adop<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o de Software Livre e Normas Abertas
% \item{} Criar igualidade de acesso a oportunidades atrav<EFBFBD>s do uso de tecnologias participat<EFBFBD>rias
% \end{itemize}
% \end{slide}
% 
% \begin{slide}
% O Software Freedom Day -- Objectivos \emph{(continua<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o)}
% \begin{itemize}
% \item{} Promover um di<EFBFBD>logo construtivo sobre as responsabilidades e os direitos na Sociedade de Informa<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o
% \item{} Ser inclusivo de organiza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es e indiv<EFBFBD>duos que partilham a nossa Vis<EFBFBD>o
% \item{} Ser pragm<EFBFBD>tico, transparente e respons<EFBFBD>vel enquanto organiza<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o
% \end{itemize}
% \end{slide}
% 
% % Normas Abertas
% \begin{slide}
% \center{\Huge{Normas Abertas}}
% \end{slide}
% 
% \input{rnid.tex}
% 
% % Teoria e pr<EFBFBD>tica de m<EFBFBD>os dadas - o exemplo do leftpad
% \begin{slide}
%     Filosofia e c<EFBFBD>digo -- duas faces da mesma moeda
%     \begin{verbatim}
% // "license": "WTFPL"
% module.exports = leftpad;
% function leftpad (str, len, ch) {
%   str = String(str);
%   var i = -1;
%   if (!ch && ch !== 0) ch = ' ';
%   len = len - str.length;
%   while (++i < len) {
%     str = ch + str;
%   }
%   return str;
% }
%     \end{verbatim}
% \begin{tiny}\url{http://qz.com/646467/how-one-programmer-broke-the-internet-by-deleting-a-tiny-piece-of-code/}\end{tiny}
% \end{slide}
% 
% \begin{slide}
% \begin{itemize}
% \item{} trademark
% \item{} patentes de software
% \item{} npm takedown
% \item{} remo<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o de todos os m<EFBFBD>dulos
% \item{} npm?
% \item{} WTFPL (vs. Apache 2.0, que protege os utilizadores de eventuais patentes de software)
% \end{itemize}
% \end{slide}

%% VANTAGENS 
% FIXME: De futuro, quereremos ter a nossa pr<EFBFBD>pria lista de vantagens, de acordo com os nossos crit<EFBFBD>rios. Algumas notas que ficaram da <EFBFBD>ltima reuni<EFBFBD>o sobre o tema:
% * poss<EFBFBD>vel modifica<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o permitiu muita gente a modificar e a distribuir modifica<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>es o que melhorou muito o software muito mais rapidamente do que se nao fosse SL
% * Migra<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>o da Tranquilidade?
% At<EFBFBD> l<EFBFBD>, a lista de vantagens aqui apresentadas <EFBFBD> inspirada em http://open-source.gbdirect.co.uk/migration/benefit.html
\begin{slide}
Advantages of Free Software
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Flexibility and Freedom
    \item{} Reliability
    \item{} Stability
    \item{} Auditability
    \item{} Support and Responsability
    \item{} Cost
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
Advantages of Free Software -- Flexibility and Freedom
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Flexibility -- the capacity to choose solutions fit to the users needs
    \item{} If the business requirements change, the solutions should not be constrainted by software
    \item{} The use of open standards for interoperability
    \item{} the best solutions can be chosen for particular components in the architecture
    \item{} if the solutions have good interoperability, the business can avoid lock-in to a particular supplier, avoiding dependency
    \item{} Free Software models do not promote vendor lock-in, so open standards adoption is usually high
    \item{} In cases where open standards do not exist, source code audit stops the use of proprietary formats as a means to lock-in
    \item{} Competition focused on functionality quality
    \item{} Freedom by not having only one supplier
    \item{} Freedom to modify your software
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
Advantages of Free Software -- Reliability
\begin{small}
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Reliability -- the lack of defects causing wrong operation
    \item{} performance failures; lack of standards compliance; security issues
    \item{} Severe issues tend to be fixed hours after being found, much due to source code access
    \item{} \emph{patch} vs. new version
    \item{} bug lifecycle is different between free and proprietary software
    \item{} \emph{early adopters}' impact, both in fixes as well as in new versions
  \end{itemize}
\end{small}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
Advantages of Free Software -- Stability
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Stability vs. Updates
    \item{} \emph{vendor push}: Format changes, end of support, lack of software fixes
    \item{} Warranty on the possibility of data migration
    \item{} Source code access provides a way to extend software lifetime
    \item{} When to update is chosen by the user, not the vendor
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
Advantages of Free Software -- Auditability
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Security, lack of backdoors, standards compliance and flexibility in future changes: they can be promised in proprietary software, but only an assurance with the access to source code
    \item{} punctual and informal inspection vs. rigorous audits
      \begin{itemize}
        \item{} InterBase case: 7 years old backdoor found and fixed half-year after free software version release
        \item{} The backdoor had been introduced by Borland engineers on purpose
      \end{itemize}
    \item{} third-party inspection and certification
    \item{} the falacy of \emph{security through obscurity}
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
Advantages of Free Software -- Support and Responsability
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} Support contracts: from generic to personalized
    \item{} Internal or external support, tailored (and Ada's example)
      \begin{itemize}
        \item{} Ada is language for military, industrial and areospace industries that are
          \emph{mission-critical} and \emph{safety-critical}
        \item{} ``ACT Europe'' was created in 1996 to provide commercial support to military and industrial uses of Ada
      \end{itemize}
    \item{} Several business models around Support
      \begin{itemize}
        \item{} Zope -- Free Software Production; most profit comes from support and services
        \item{} Free Software consultancy services
      \end{itemize}
    \item{} The real need of support, when the code is from the user
    \item{} The myth of responsability in proprietary software \\ (read EULAs)
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
Advantages of Free Software -- Cost
  \begin{itemize}
    \item{} libre vs. gratis
    \item{} Price vs. TCO
    \item{} Aspects about Free Software's TCO
      \begin{itemize}
        \item{} Possibility of zero price
        \item{} Possibility of not needing to count the number of copies in use
        \item{} Probable small need of updates
        \item{} almost-zero virus vulnerability
        \item{} Supposed less security vulnerabilities
        \item{} Alleged possibility of longer lifecycle due to low hardware requirements
        \item{} A better compliance to open standards allows competition, reducing the lock-in to monopolist prices
        \item{} Source code availability makes the software resilient to product discontinuation or vendor extintion
        \item{} Finance strategy ruled by the user and not the vendor
      \end{itemize}
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}

%% MODELOS DE NEG<EFBFBD>CIO
\begin{slide}
  Free Software Business Models
  \begin{itemize}
    \item Offer the software to sell hardware (IBM, ...)
    \item Licensing allows inclusion in non-free software (MySQL)
    \item Publish the software without source, releasing it only after some time
    \item Base software is free, but extras aren't
    \item Sharing development costs
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}
\begin{slide}
  Free Software Business Models (cont.)
  \begin{itemize}
    \item Technical assistence contracts
    \item Development of new features
    \item Training
    \item Consulting and software adaptation
  \end{itemize}
\end{slide}

%% ENVOLVE-TE
\begin{slide}
\center{\Huge{Get involved!}}
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
% link to the site where the video is
\center{\href{https://publiccode.eu/en/#about}{\includegraphics{pmpc-video-en.png}}}
% embed movie link (doesn't work in many PDF readers)
%\movie[]{\includegraphics{pmpc-video.png}}{pmpc_desktop.mp4}
% embed movie inside the PDF - works in even less PDF readers, so I didn't even bothered with the code for that
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
  ANSOL-geral -- \url{http://listas.ansol.org/mailman/listinfo/ansol-geral}
  \includegraphics{ansol-geral.png}
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
  \begin{small}
    \begin{center}
    \url{https://matrix.to/#/#ansol-geral:matrix.org} or \url{https://t.me/ansolgeral}

    \includegraphics{ansol-matrix.png} \includegraphics{ansol-telegram.png}
    \end{center}
  \end{small}
\end{slide}

\begin{slide}
  \includegraphics[scale=0.8]{ANSOL-flyers.png}
\end{slide}